Chinese ATM operators (Bank of China, ICBC) charge ¥10–¥25 per foreign-card transaction. Your home bank adds 1–3% FX margin and possibly a flat ATM fee.
Use a no-foreign-transaction-fee debit card (Chase Sapphire, Schwab, Revolut, Starling, Wise). Avoid independent ATMs; stick to Bank of China and ICBC branches inside bank lobbies.

