5 Days in Turpan

The museum puts the basin's finds in order before the field days; the karez gallery explains the channels - roughly 1,100 were cut over the centuries, some 200 still flow, and the lines together stretch near 5,000 km. Summer visitors should shift sightseeing to mornings.

1. turpan museum
2. turpan karez wells

Go at opening time. Jiaohe, some 10 km west, spreads 1,650 m long and up to 300 m wide on a plateau about 30 m above two rivers - the raw-earth city UNESCO listed in 2014. The Emin Minaret, built 1777 and about 44 m tall, stands on the city's eastern edge for the late afternoon.

1. turpan jiaohe ruins
2. turpan emin minaret

The red ridges run about 100 km east with a high point near 850 m; in July the ground can hit around 70 °C - the 12 m thermometer at the gate reads it live. Grape Valley, 8 km of trellised lanes northeast of town, fills from the August harvest.

1. turpan flaming mountains
2. turpan grape valley

40 km southeast, Gaochang's earthen walls run about 5.4 km around a site begun as a Han garrison in the 1st century BC; the monk Xuanzang stayed and taught here in 630. The Astana cemetery just north kept the district's paper documents and burial goods.

1. turpan gaochang ruins
2. turpan astana tombs

In the Mutou valley on the mountains' north flank, about an hour northeast, 57 caves remain cut into the cliff face, several with painted ceilings surviving from the Huizhou Uyghur period. Back to town for an evening train.

1. turpan bezeklik caves